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Engineering plastics manufacturers - what are engineering plastics? The most detailed definition of engineering plastics and special engineering plastics

2019-08-05 11:10:00
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Engineering plastics manufacturers - what are engineering plastics? The most detailed definition of engineering plastics and special engineering plastics

What we usually call plastics is the plastic products in our life, such as plastic cups, plastic toys and plastic furniture. Scientific definition of Plastics: plastics are macromolecule compounds, which are polymerized by addition polymerization or polycondensation reaction with monomers as raw materials. They are commonly known as plastics or resin. They can change their composition and shape freely. They are composed of synthetic resins, fillers, plasticizers, stabilizers, lubricants, pigments and other additives.

Because the production of plastic is very simple, so it has its unique performance and advantages and disadvantages.

Compared with plastics, general plastics are quite different in terms of definition, process and use.

Definition of general-purpose plastics: some kinds of plastics with large output, low price, wide application and wide influence area are used to call them general-purpose plastics. Its connotation often changes with the development of times and science and technology. The important general plastics are polyethylene, polypropylene, polyvinyl chloride, polystyrene and so on.

Engineering plastics can be used as engineering materials and plastics instead of metal in manufacturing machine parts. Engineering plastics have excellent comprehensive properties, such as high rigidity, small creep, high mechanical strength, good heat resistance and good electrical insulation. They can be used in harsh chemical and physical environment for a long time. They can be used as engineering structural materials instead of metals, but the price is expensive and the output is small.

Engineering plastics can be divided into general engineering plastics and special engineering plastics. The former mainly includes five general engineering plastics: polyamide, polycarbonate, polyformaldehyde, modified polyphenylene oxide and thermoplastic polyester; the latter mainly refers to engineering plastics with heat resistance above 150 ℃, including polyimide, polyphenylene sulfide, polysulfone, aromatic polyamide, polyaryl ester, polyphenylene ester, polyaryletone, liquid crystal polymer and fluorine resin.

Plastics, general plastics, engineering plastics, their advantages and disadvantages, as well as the scope of application!

Characteristics, advantages and disadvantages of plastics

Material properties:

Chemical resistance

(2) glossy, partly transparent or translucent

Most of them are good insulators

(4) light and strong

(5) easy processing, mass production and low price

(6) it is widely used, versatile, easy to stain and part resistant to high temperature

advantage:

1. Most plastics have strong corrosion resistance and do not react with acid and alkali.

2. The manufacturing cost of plastics is low.

3. Durable, waterproof and light weight.

It is easy to be molded into different shapes.

5. It is a good insulator.

6. Plastics can be used to prepare fuel oil and fuel gas, which can reduce crude oil consumption.

Disadvantages:

1. It is very difficult to classify waste plastics and it is not cost-effective in economy.

2. Plastics are easy to burn and produce toxic gases. For example, toluene is produced when polystyrene is burned. A small amount of this substance will lead to blindness, vomiting and other symptoms when inhaled. The burning of PVC will also produce toxic hydrogen chloride gas. In addition to combustion, that is, high temperature environment, it will cause the plastic to decompose into toxic components, such as benzene.

3. Plastics are made of petroleum refining products, and petroleum resources are limited.

4. Plastics will not rot if buried under the ground for hundreds, thousands or even tens of thousands of years.

5. The heat resistance of plastics is poor and easy to be aged.

6. Due to the non degradability of plastics, it has become the enemy of human beings and has led to the tragedy of many animals' death. For example, monkeys, pelicans, dolphins and other animals in the zoo will mistakenly swallow the plastic bottle No. 1 thrown away by tourists, and finally die painfully due to indigestion. Looking at the beautiful and pure sea surface, when you look closer, you can see that there are all kinds of plastic garbage that can't be contained in the ocean. In the intestines of several dead seabirds, a variety of indigestible plastics are found Materials.

Compared with wood, metal, cement, glass and other materials, general plastics have the following advantages and disadvantages.

advantage:

(1) It is easy to form and has high design freedom;

(2) Easy to color;

(3) The specific strength is greater than that of metal;

(4) The specific gravity is light;

(5) It is easy to modify and obtain the required properties;

(6) Good electrical insulation;

(7) Good water resistance, no corrosion;

(8) Good chemical resistance;

(9) Production consumes less energy than metal;

(10) As long as the waste plastics are well treated, the environmental damage and pollution will be less than other materials

Disadvantages:

(1) Poor weather resistance, especially poor UV resistance, easy to aging under UV light;

(2) Easy to produce static electricity;

(3) The thermal expansion coefficient is large and the dimensional stability is poor;

(4) The surface hardness is low and easy to scratch;

(5) It has poor durability and environmental stress cracking resistance.

However, with the continuous development and progress of blending technology, as well as the achievements of high performance of general polymer, some of its shortcomings have been gradually improved, which widened the application field of general plastics, making the status of plastics in the national economy more and more important.

The main characteristics of engineering plastics are as follows

(1) Compared with general-purpose plastics, it has excellent heat and cold resistance, excellent mechanical properties in a wide range of temperatures, and is suitable for use as structural materials;

(2) Good corrosion resistance, less environmental impact and good durability;

(3) Compared with metal materials, it is easy to process, high production efficiency, and can simplify the program and save costs;

(4) Good dimensional stability and electrical insulation;

(5) Light weight, specific strength


Next:PA66 properties2019-08-05 11:11:10

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